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Sicyos anunu

(H.St.John) I.Telford (1989)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Cucurbitales Family: Cucurbitaceae Genus: Sicyos

‘ānunu [anunu]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Climbing annual herbs.

Stems: Stems up to 8 m long, glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades broadly ovate with a broad basal sinus, 7–15 cm long, 6–17 cm wide, shallowly to deeply palmately 5–9–lobed, the lobes narrowly triangular to ovate. Apex acute, mucronate. Surfaces sparsely scabrous. Margins dentate. Petioles 4–9 cm long. Stipules absent; tendrils in the stipular position 4–6–branched.

Flowers: Flowers in staminate flowers in panicles 20–45 cm long, peduncles 12–30 cm long, sparsely puberulent or glabrous, pedicels 3–10 mm long, sparsely puberulent; pistillate flowers 35–65 per head, sessile on peduncles 4–12 cm long, these elongating up to 15 cm long in fruit. Flowers usually unisexual (and the plants monoecious or dioecious), actinomorphic. Calyx of 5 sepals, inserted on hypanthium. Corolla of staminate flowers greenish white, 5-lobed, 5–8 mm in diameter, glabrous, petals inserted on hypanthium alternate with calyx lobes, usually connate at base, the limb often rotate; pistillate flowers: corolla 3–5-lobed, 3–4 mm in diameter. Stamens in staminate flowers (2)3(–5), inserted at base of hypanthium; filaments connate into a column; anthers curved or flexuous, coherent and twisted in a head, opening by longitudinal slits; pistillate flowers: staminodes absent. Ovary inferior, of a single carpel or 3-carpellate with carpels connate into a single 3-lobed cell; ovule placentation parietal; stigma capitate.

Fruit: Fruit greenish brown; fusiform; 15–20 mm long; 5–7 mm in diameter; obscurely ribbed or compressed toward base; puberulent; long–beaked; indehiscent. Seeds 1 per fruit; ovate; endosperm absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in dry forest and subalpine forest; or alien vegetation; on Lānaʻi; and on the southwestern slopes of the Kohala Mountains; northeastern and southwestern slopes of Mauna Kea; and southeastern slopes of Mauna Loa; Hawai'i.

Elevation Range: 350–1,940 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Lana'i Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Phytologia 67: 211 (1989)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:575 (L, H); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Kopf s.n. PTBG 016161 (L†, 1946)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Sicyos anunu Saddle Rd., Girl Scout Camp Preserved_Specimen Watanabe, T. Hawaii BISH 1979-12-09
2 Sicyos anunu Hamakua Dist.; Pohakuloa Training Area, along Saddle Road Between the 30 & 45 mile markers & within 60' of road. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. 26 Hawaii BISH 1990-12-13
3 Sicyos anunu Slope of Hualalai, North Kona District Growing with fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) on the ground. Preserved_Specimen Kunitake, N. 263 Hawaii BISH 1979-10-10
4 Sicyos anunu Mauna Kea, along jeep road between Saddle Road and Powerline trail, near Omaokoili About 5 plants growing in mamane - naio forest. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 571 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-22
5 Sicyos anunu Waikaloa, 1/3 to 2/3 mi. SSE naturalized grasses Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4720 Hawaii BISH 1982-11-20
6 Sicyos anunu Puu Huluhulu, near Saddle Road, North Hilo District On ground beneath Acacia koa tree, growing with Poa pratensis. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 915 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-16
7 Sicyos anunu Gully below Ahumoa near Kilohana girl scout camp Slope NW aspect. Clay loam on basalt. Remnant of Dodonaea - Sophora shrubland. Preserved_Specimen Telford, I.R.H. 10274 Hawaii BISH 1986-06-09
8 Sicyos anunu Hamakua, Puu Keekee, ~2.3 km N of Puu Ka Pele, ~1 km SW of Saddle Rd ash; Eragrostis atropioides, Dodonaea viscosa Preserved_Specimen Close, B. 109418 Hawaii BISH 1994-11-09
9 Sicyos anunu Along Saddle Road. Kamuela side covering a large Acacia decurrens tree. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5167 Hawaii BISH 1975-01-16
10 Sicyos anunu near the summit of Puu Huluhulu, North Hilo District Growing under a closed Acacia koa canopy with Microlaena ground cover. Preserved_Specimen Clarke, G. 632 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-16
11 Sicyos anunu Hamakua District; land of Kaohe. Collected across the Saddle Road from Kilohana Girl Scout Camp Arid; disturbed; pasture land. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5390 Hawaii BISH 1975-06-25
12 Sicyos anunu Kipuka Kalawamauna below Pohakuloa Very rare, one patch seen, in sparse scrub forest on rough lava. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 60609 Hawaii BISH 1980-09-10
13 Sicyos anunu Between Na Puukulua and 1859 lava flow Dry lava flow. Preserved_Specimen Greenwell, A.B.H. 19974 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-31
14 Sicyos anunu Puu Ahumoa, Kaohe, Hamakua into Myoporum; with Myoporum, Sophora Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2448 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-06
15 Sicyos anunu Hamakua Distr.; 10 mi W. of Pohakuloa; climbing over rocks in gulch. Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 14002 Hawaii BISH 1968-06-30
16 Sicyos anunu Kohala Moutains. 17 km from Waimea along the road towards Hawi Slope W. Aspect Clay loam on basalt. Disturbed roadside. Preserved_Specimen Telford, I.R.H. 10276 Hawaii BISH 1986-06-09
17 Sicyos anunu Humuula Saddle local on lava rock along road Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 38648 Hawaii BISH 1956-09-19
18 Sicyos anunu Along Mamalahoa Hwy, Kuainiho, S Kohala district. Roadside, among grasses. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2729 Hawaii BISH 1983-08-28
19 Sicyos anunu Western end of Saddle Road covering a large Acacia decurrens tree. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5167 Hawaii BISH 1975-01-16
20 Sicyos anunu West of the Keamuku flow between Popoo Gulch and Puuanahulu mauka of H-190 Scattered in grassland of Pennisetum setaceum dominant with scattered Metrosideros and Diospyros trees. The area was burned approximately 2 years ago. Preserved_Specimen Kunitake, N. 245 Hawaii BISH 1979-10-10
21 Sicyos anunu Puu Huluhulu, near Saddle Road, North Hilo District On ground beneath Acacia koa tree, growing with Poa pratensis. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 915 Hawaii BISH 1981-10-16
22 Sicyos anunu Kapapala, Kau Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 400 Hawaii BISH 1911-08-04
23 Sicyos anunu Between Na Puukulua and 1859 lava flow Dry lava plain. Preserved_Specimen Greenwell, A.B.H. 19974 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-31
24 Sicyos anunu Along Mamalahoa Hwy, Kuainiho, S Kohala district. Roadside, among grasses. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2729 Hawaii BISH 1983-04-28
25 Sicyos anunu S Kohala, 9.9 mi from jct. Saddle Rd. with Hwy 190 culvert, weeds Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2285 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-07
26 Sicyos anunu Tr. 43; Sta. 59 Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1891 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-26
27 Sicyos anunu Pohakuloa, 17.9 mi from jct. of Saddle Rd. and Hwy 190 Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5574 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-25
28 Sicyos anunu North Kona District, Kilohana Girl Scout Camp Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 9780 Hawaii BISH 1996-07-03
29 Sicyos anunu Kilohana, Saddle Rd. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2652 Hawaii BISH 1983-04-02
30 Sicyos anunu North Kona District, Kilohana Girl Scout Camp Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 9779 Hawaii BISH 1996-07-03
31 Sicyos anunu Kamoa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 417 Lanai BISH 1929-05-16
32 Sicyos anunu Northern slope of Mauna Kea near where David Douglas was murdered Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21364 Hawaii BISH 1949-08-23
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